Showing posts with label artificial intelligence. Show all posts
Showing posts with label artificial intelligence. Show all posts

Daily Tech Digest - September 13, 2025


Quote for the day:

"Small daily improvements over time lead to stunning results." -- Robin Sharma


When it comes to AI, bigger isn’t always better

Developers were already warming to small language models, but most of the discussion has focused on technical or security advantages. In reality, for many enterprise use cases, smaller, domain-specific models often deliver faster, more relevant results than general-purpose LLMs. Why? Because most business problems are narrow by nature. You don’t need a model that has read TS Eliot or that can plan your next holiday. You need a model that understands your lead times, logistics constraints, and supplier risk. ... Just like in e-commerce or IT architecture, organizations are increasingly finding success with best-of-breed strategies, using the right tool for the right job and connecting them through orchestrated workflows. I contend that AI follows a similar path, moving from proof-of-concept to practical value by embracing this modular, integrated approach. Plus, SLMs aren’t just cheaper than larger models, they can also outperform them. ... The strongest case for the future of generative AI? Focused small language models, continuously enriched by a living knowledge graph. Yes, SLMs are still early-stage. The tools are immature, infrastructure is catching up, and they don’t yet offer the plug-and-play simplicity of something like an OpenAI API. But momentum is building, particularly in regulated sectors like law enforcement where vendors with deep domain expertise are already driving meaningful automation with SLMs.


Building Sovereign Data‑Centre Infrastructure in India

Beyond regulatory drivers, domestic data centre capacity delivers critical performance and compliance advantages. Locating infrastructure closer to users through edge or regional facilities has evidently delivered substantial performance gains, with studies demonstrating latency reductions of more than 80 percent compared to centralised cloud models. This proximity directly translates into higher service quality, enabling faster digital payments, smoother video streaming, and more reliable enterprise cloud applications. Local hosting also strengthens resilience and simplifies compliance by reducing dependence on centralised infrastructure and obligations, such as rapid incident reporting under Section 70B of the Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008, that are easier to fulfil when infrastructure is located within the country. ... India’s data centre expansion is constrained by key challenges in permitting, power availability, water and cooling, equipment procurement, and skilled labour. Each of these bottlenecks has policy levers that can reduce risk, lower costs, and accelerate delivery. ... AI-heavy workloads are driving rack power densities to nearly three times those of traditional applications, sharply increasing cooling demand. This growth coincides with acute groundwater stress in many Indian cities, where freshwater use for industrial cooling is already constrained. 


How AI is helping one lawyer get kids out of jail faster

Anderson said his use of AI saves up to 94% of evidence review time for his juvenile clients age 12-18. Anderson can now prepare for a bail hearing in half an hour versus days. The time saved by using AI also results in thousands of dollars in time saved. While the tools for AI-based video analysis are many, Anderson uses Rev, a legal-tech AI tool that transcribes and indexes video evidence to quickly turn overwhelming footage into accurate, searchable information. ... “The biggest ROI is in critical, time-sensitive situations, like a bail hearing. If a DA sends me three hours of video right after my client is arrested, I can upload it to Rev and be ready to make a bail argument in half an hour. This could be the difference between my client being held in custody for a week versus getting them out that very day. The time I save allows me to focus on what I need to do to win a case, like coming up with a persuasive argument or doing research.” ... “We are absolutely at an inflection point. I believe AI is leveling the playing field for solo and small practices. In the past, all of the time-consuming tasks of preparing for trial, like transcribing and editing video, were done manually. Rev has made it so easy to do on the fly, by myself, that I don’t have to anticipate where an officer will stray in their testimony. I can just react in real time. This technology empowers a small practice to have the same capabilities as a large one, allowing me to focus on the work that matters most.”


AI-powered Pentesting Tool ‘Villager’ Combines Kali Linux Tools with DeepSeek AI for Automated Attacks

The emergence of Villager represents a significant shift in the cybersecurity landscape, with researchers warning it could follow the malicious use of Cobalt Strike, transforming from a legitimate red-team tool into a weapon of choice for malicious threat actors. Unlike traditional penetration testing frameworks that rely on scripted playbooks, Villager utilizes natural language processing to convert plain text commands into dynamic, AI-driven attack sequences. Villager operates as a Model Context Protocol (MCP) client, implementing a sophisticated distributed architecture that includes multiple service components designed for maximum automation and minimal detection. ... This tool’s most alarming feature is its ability to evade forensic detection. Containers are configured with a 24-hour self-destruct mechanism that automatically wipes activity logs and evidence, while randomized SSH ports make detection and forensic analysis significantly more challenging. This transient nature of attack containers, combined with AI-driven orchestration, creates substantial obstacles for incident response teams attempting to track malicious activity. ... Villager’s task-based command and control architecture enables complex, multi-stage attacks through its FastAPI interface operating on port 37695.


Cloud DLP Playbook: Stopping Data Leaks Before They Happen

To get started on a cloud DLP strategy, organizations must answer two key questions: Which users should be included in the scope?; and Which communication channels should the DLP system cover Addressing these questions can help organizations create a well-defined and actionable cloud DLP strategy that aligns with their broader security and compliance objectives. ... Unlike business users, engineers and administrators require elevated access and permissions to perform their jobs effectively. While they might operate under some of the same technical restrictions, they often have additional capabilities to exfiltrate files. ... While DLP tools serve as the critical last line of defense against active data exfiltration attempts, organizations should not rely only on these tools to prevent data breaches. Reducing the amount of sensitive data circulating within the network can significantly lower risks. ... Network DLP inspects traffic originating from laptops and servers, regardless of whether it comes from browsers, tools, applications, or command-line operations. It also monitors traffic from PaaS components and VMs, making it a versatile system for cloud environments. While network DLP requires all traffic to pass through a network component, such as a proxy, it is indispensable for monitoring data transfers originating from VMs and PaaS services.


Weighing the true cost of transformation

“Most costs aren’t IT costs, because digital transformation isn’t an IT project,” he says. “There’s the cost of cultural change in the people who will have to adopt the new technologies, and that’s where the greatest corporate effort is required.” Dimitri also highlights the learning curve costs. Initially, most people are naturally reluctant to change and inefficient with new technology. ... “Cultural transformation is the most significant and costly part of digital transformation because it’s essential to bring the entire company on board,” Dimitri says. ... Without a structured approach to change, even the best technological tools fail as resistance manifests itself in subtle delays, passive defaults, or a silent return to old processes. Change, therefore, must be guided, communicated, and cultivated. Skipping this step is one of the costliest mistakes a company can make in terms of unrealized value. Organizations must also cultivate a mindset that embraces experimentation, tolerates failure, and values ​​continuous learning. This has its own associated costs and often requires unlearning entrenched habits and stepping out of comfort zones. There are other implicit costs to consider, too, like the stress of learning a new system and the impact on staff morale. If not managed with empathy, digital transformation can lead to burnout and confusion, so ongoing support through a hyper-assistance phase is needed, especially during the first weeks following a major implementation.


5 Costly Customer Data Mistakes Businesses Will Make In 2025

As AI continues to reshape the business technology landscape, one thing remains unchanged: Customer data is the fuel that fires business engines in the drive for value and growth. Thanks to a new generation of automation and tools, it holds the key to personalization, super-charged customer experience, and next-level efficiency gains. ... In fact, low-quality customer data can actively degrade the performance of AI by causing “data cascades” where seemingly small errors are replicated over and over, leading to large errors further along the pipeline. That isn't the only problem. Storing and processing huge amounts of data—particularly sensitive customer data—is expensive, time-consuming and confers what can be onerous regulatory obligations. ... Synthetic customer data lets businesses test pricing strategies, marketing spend, and product features, as well as virtual behaviors like shopping cart abandonment, and real-world behaviors like footfall traffic around stores. Synthetic customer data is far less expensive to generate and not subject to any of the regulatory and privacy burdens that come with actual customer data. ... Most businesses are only scratching the surface of the value their customer data holds. For example, Nvidia reports that 90 percent of enterprise customer data can’t be tapped for value. Usually, this is because it’s unstructured, with mountains of data gathered from call recordings, video footage, social media posts, and many other sources.


Vibe coding is dead: Agentic swarm coding is the new enterprise moat

“Even Karpathy’s vibe coding term is legacy now. It’s outdated,” Val Bercovici, chief AI officer of WEKA, told me in a recent conversation. “It’s been superseded by this concept of agentic swarm coding, where multiple agents in coordination are delivering… very functional MVPs and version one apps.” And this comes from Bercovici, who carries some weight: He’s a long-time infrastructure veteran who served as a CTO at NetApp and was a founding board member of the Cloud Native Compute Foundation (CNCF), which stewards Kubernetes. The idea of swarms isn't entirely new — OpenAI's own agent SDK was originally called Swarm when it was first released as an experimental framework last year. But the capability of these swarms reached an inflection point this summer. ... Instead of one AI trying to do everything, agentic swarms assign roles. A "planner" agent breaks down the task, "coder" agents write the code, and a "critic" agent reviews the work. This mirrors a human software team and is the principle behind frameworks like Claude Flow, developed by Toronto-based Reuven Cohen. Bercovici described it as a system where "tens of instances of Claude code in parallel are being orchestrated to work on specifications, documentation... the full CICD DevOps life cycle." This is the engine behind the agentic swarm, condensing a month of teamwork into a single hour.


The Role of Human-in-the-Loop in AI-Driven Data Management

Human-in-the-loop (HITL) is no longer a niche safety net—it’s becoming a foundational strategy for operationalizing trust. Especially in healthcare and financial services, where data-driven decisions must comply with strict regulations and ethical expectations, keeping humans strategically involved in the pipeline is the only way to scale intelligence without surrendering accountability. ... The goal of HITL is not to slow systems down, but to apply human oversight where it is most impactful. Overuse can create workflow bottlenecks and increase operational overhead. But underuse can result in unchecked bias, regulatory breaches, or loss of public trust. Leading organizations are moving toward risk-based HITL frameworks that calibrate oversight based on the sensitivity of the data and the consequences of error. ... As AI systems become more agentic—capable of taking actions, not just making predictions—the role of human judgment becomes even more critical. HITL strategies must evolve beyond spot-checks or approvals. They need to be embedded in design, monitored continuously, and measured for efficacy. For data and compliance leaders, HITL isn’t a step backward from digital transformation. It provides a scalable approach to ensure that AI is deployed responsibly—especially in sectors where decisions carry long-term consequences.


AI vs Gen Z: How AI has changed the career pathway for junior developers

Ethical dilemmas aside, an overreliance on AI obviously causes an atrophy of skills for young thinkers. Why spend time reading your textbooks when you can get the answers right away? Why bother working through a particularly difficult homework problem when you can just dump it into an AI to give you the answer? To form the critical thinking skills necessary for not just a fruitful career, but a happy life, must include some of the discomfort that comes from not knowing. AI tools eliminate the discovery phase of learning—that precious, priceless part where you root around blindly until you finally understand. ... The truth is that AI has made much of what junior developers of the past did redundant. Gone are the days of needing junior developers to manually write code or debug, because now an already tenured developer can just ask their AI assistant to do it. There’s even some sentiment that AI has made junior developers less competent, and that they’ve lost some of the foundational skills that make for a successful entry-level employee. See above section on AI in school if you need a refresher on why this might be happening. ... More optimistic outlooks on the AI job market see this disruption as an opportunity for early career professionals to evolve their skillsets to better fit an AI-driven world. If I believe in nothing else, I believe in my generation’s ability to adapt, especially to technology.

Daily Tech Digest - September 11, 2025


Quote for the day:

"You live longer once you realize that any time spent being unhappy is wasted." -- Ruth E. Renkl



Six hard truths for software development bosses

Everyone behaves differently when the boss is around. Everyone. And you, as a boss, need to realize this. There are two things to realize here. Firstly, when you are present, people will change who they are and what they say. Secondly, you should consider that fact when deciding whether to be in the room. ... Bosses need to realize that what they say, even comments that you might think are flippant and not meant to be taken seriously, will be taken seriously. ... The other side of that coin is that your silence and non-action can have profound effects. Maybe you space out in a meeting and miss a question. The team might think you blew them off and left the great idea hanging. Maybe you forgot to answer an email. Maybe you had bigger fish to fry and you were a bit short and dismissive of an approach by a direct report. Small lapses can be easily misconstrued by your team. ... You are the boss. You have the power to promote, demote, and award raises and bonuses. These powers are important, and people will see you in that light. Even your best attempts at being cordial, friendly, and collegial will not overcome the slight apprehension your authority will engender. Your mood on any given day will be noticed and tracked. ... You can and should have input into technical decisions and design decisions, but your team will want to be the ones driving what direction things take and how things get done. 


AI prompt injection gets real — with macros the latest hidden threat

“Broadly speaking, this threat vector — ‘malicious prompts embedded in macros’ — is yet another prompt injection method,” Roberto Enea, lead data scientist at cybersecurity services firm Fortra, told CSO. “In this specific case, the injection is done inside document macros or VBA [Visual Basic for Applications] scripts and is aimed at AI systems that analyze files.” Enea added: “Typically, the end goal is to mislead the AI system into classifying malware as safe.” ... “Attackers could embed hidden instructions in common business files like emails or Word documents, and when Copilot processed the file, it executed those instructions automatically,” Quentin Rhoads-Herrera, VP of cybersecurity services at Stratascale, explained. In response to the vulnerability, Microsoft recommended patching, restricting Copilot access, stripping hidden metadata from shared files, and enabling its built-in AI security controls. ... “We’ve already seen proof-of-concept attacks where malicious prompts are hidden inside documents, macros, or configuration files to trick AI systems into exfiltrating data or executing unintended actions,” Stratascale’s Rhoads-Herrera commented. “Researchers have also demonstrated how LLMs can be misled through hidden instructions in code comments or metadata, showing the same principle at work.” Rhoads-Herrera added: “While some of these remain research-driven, the techniques are quickly moving into the hands of attackers who are skilled at weaponizing proof-of-concepts.”


Are you really ready for AI? Exposing shadow tools in your organisation

When an organisation doesn’t regulate an approved framework of AI tools in place, its employees will commonly turn to using these applications across everyday actions. By now, everyone is aware of the existence of generative AI assets, whether they are actively using them or not, but without a proper ruleset in place, everyday employee actions can quickly become security nightmares. This can be everything from employees pasting sensitive client information or proprietary code into public generative AI tools to developers downloading promising open-source models from unverified repositories. ... The root cause of turning to shadow AI isn’t malicious intent. Unlike cyber actors, aiming to disrupt and exploit business infrastructure weaknesses for a hefty payout, employees aren’t leaking data outside of your organisation intentionally. AI is simply an accessible, powerful tool that many find exciting. In the absence of clear policies, training and oversight, and the increased pressure of faster, greater delivery, people will naturally seek the most effective support to get the job done. ... Regardless, you cannot protect against what you can’t see. Tools like Data Loss Prevention (DLP) and Cloud Access Security Brokers (CASB), which detect unauthorised AI use, must be an essential part of your security monitoring toolkit. Ensuring these alerts connect directly to your SIEM and defining clear processes for escalation and correction are also key for maximum security.


How to error-proof your team’s emergency communications

Hierarchy paralysis occurs when critical information is withheld by junior staff due to the belief that speaking up may undermine the chain of command. Junior operators may notice an anomaly or suspect a procedure is incorrect, but often neglect to disclose their concerns until after a mistake has happened. They may assume their input will be dismissed or even met with backlash due to their position. In many cases, their default stance is to believe that senior staff are acting on insight that they themselves lack. CRM trains employees to follow a structured verbal escalation path during critical incidents. Similar to emergency operations procedures (EOPs), staff are taught to express their concerns using short, direct phrases. This approach helps newer employees focus on the issue itself rather than navigating the interaction’s social aspects — an area that can lead to cognitive overload or delayed action. In such scenarios, CRM recommends the “2-challenge rule”: team members should attempt to communicate an observed issue twice, and if the issue remains unaddressed, escalate it to upper management. ... Strengthening emergency protocols can help eliminate miscommunication between employees and departments. Owners and operators can adopt strategies from other mission-critical industries to reduce human error and improve team responsiveness. While interpersonal issues between departments and individuals in different roles are inevitable, tighter emergency procedures can ensure consistency and more predictable team behavior.


SpamGPT – AI-powered Attack Tool Used By Hackers For Massive Phishing Attack

SpamGPT’s dark-themed user interface provides a comprehensive dashboard for managing criminal campaigns. It includes modules for setting up SMTP/IMAP servers, testing email deliverability, and analyzing campaign results features typically found in Fortune 500 marketing tools but repurposed for cybercrime. The platform gives attackers real-time, agentless monitoring dashboards that provide immediate feedback on email delivery and engagement. ... Attackers no longer need strong writing skills; they can simply prompt the AI to create scam templates for them. The toolkit’s emphasis on scale is equally concerning, as it promises guaranteed inbox delivery to popular providers like Gmail, Outlook, and Microsoft 365 by abusing trusted cloud services such as Amazon AWS and SendGrid to mask its malicious traffic. ... What once required significant technical expertise can now be executed by a single operator with a ready-made toolkit. The rise of such AI-driven platforms signals a new evolution in cybercrime, where automation and intelligent content generation make attacks more scalable, convincing, and difficult to detect. To counter this emerging threat, organizations must harden their email defenses. Enforcing strong email authentication protocols such as DMARC, SPF, and DKIM is a critical first step to make domain spoofing more difficult. Furthermore, enterprises should deploy AI-powered email security solutions capable of detecting the subtle linguistic patterns and technical signatures of AI-generated phishing content.


How attackers weaponize communications networks

The most attractive targets for advanced threat actors are not endpoint devices or individual servers, but the foundational communications networks that connect everything. This includes telecommunications providers, ISPs, and the routing infrastructure that forms the internet’s backbone. These networks are a “target-rich environment” because compromising a single point of entry can grant access to a vast amount of data from a multitude of downstream targets. The primary motivation is overwhelmingly geopolitical. We’re seeing a trend of nation-state actors, such as those behind the Salt Typhoon campaign, moving beyond corporate espionage to a more strategic, long-term intelligence-gathering mission. ... Two recent trends are particularly telling and serve as major warning signs. The first is the sheer scale and persistence of these attacks. ... The second trend is the fusion of technical exploits with AI-powered social engineering. ... A key challenge is the lack of a standardized global approach. Differing regulations around data retention, privacy, and incident reporting can create a patchwork of security requirements that threat actors can easily exploit. For a global espionage campaign, a weak link in one country’s regulatory framework can compromise an entire international communications chain. The goal of international policy should be to establish a baseline of security that includes mandatory incident reporting, a unified approach to patching known vulnerabilities, and a focus on building a collective defense.


AI's free web scraping days may be over, thanks to this new licensing protocol

AI companies are capturing as much content as possible from websites while also extracting information. Now, several heavyweight publishers and tech companies -- Reddit, Yahoo, People, O'Reilly Media, Medium, and Ziff Davis (ZDNET's parent company) -- have developed a response: the Really Simple Licensing (RSL) standard. You can think of RSL as Really Simple Syndication's (RSS) younger, tougher brother. While RSS is about syndication, getting your words, stories, and videos out onto the wider web, RSL says: "If you're an AI crawler gobbling up my content, you don't just get to eat for free anymore." The idea behind RSL is brutally simple. Instead of the old robots.txt file -- which only said, "yes, you can crawl me," or "no, you can't," and which AI companies often ignore -- publishers can now add something new: machine-readable licensing terms. Want an attribution? You can demand it. Want payment every time an AI crawler ingests your work, or even every time it spits out an answer powered by your article? Yep, there's a tag for that too. ... It's a clever fix for a complex problem. As Tim O'Reilly, the O'Reilly Media CEO and one of the RSL initiative's high-profile backers, said: "RSS was critical to the internet's evolution…but today, as AI systems absorb and repurpose that same content without permission or compensation, the rules need to evolve. RSL is that evolution."


AI is changing the game for global trade: Nagendra Bandaru, Wipro

AI is revolutionising global supply chain and trade management by enabling businesses across industries to make real-time, intelligent decisions. This transformative shift is driven by the deployment of AI agents, which dynamically respond to changing tariff regimes, logistics constraints, and demand fluctuations. Moving beyond traditional static models, AI agents are helping create more adaptive and responsive supply chains. ... The strategic focus is also evolving. While cost optimisation remains important, AI is now being leveraged to de-risk operations, anticipate geopolitical disruptions, and ensure continuity. In essence, agentic AI is reshaping supply chains into predictive, adaptive ecosystems that align more closely with the complexities of global trade. ... The next frontier is going to be threefold: first, the rise of agentic AI at scale marks a shift from isolated use cases to enterprise-wide deployment of autonomous agents capable of managing end-to-end trade ecosystems; second, the development of sovereign and domain-specific language models is enabling lightweight, highly contextualised solutions that uphold data sovereignty while delivering robust, enterprise-grade outcomes; and third, the convergence of AI with emerging technologies—including blockchain for provenance and quantum computing for optimisation—is poised to redefine global trade dynamics.


5 challenges every multicloud strategy must address

Transferring AI data among various cloud services and providers also adds complexity — but also significant risks. “Tackling software sprawl, especially as organizations accelerate their adoption of AI, is a top action for CIOs and CTOs,” says Mindy Lieberman, CIO at database platform provider MongoDB. ... A multicloud environment can complicate the management of data sovereignty. Companies need to ensure that data remains in line with the laws and regulations of the specific geographic regions where it is stored and processed. ... Deploying even one cloud service can present cybersecurity risks for an enterprise, so having a strong security program in place is all the more vital for a multicloud environment. The risks stem from expanded attack surfaces, inconsistent security practices among service providers, increased complexity of the IT infrastructure, fragmented visibility, and other factors. IT needs to be able to manage user access to cloud services and detect threats across multiple environments — in many cases without even having a full inventory of cloud services. ... “With greater complexity comes more potential avenues of failure, but also more opportunities for customization and optimization,” Wall says. “Each cloud provider offers unique strengths and weaknesses, which means forward-thinking enterprises must know how to leverage the right services at the right time.”


What Makes Small Businesses’ Data Valuable to Cybercriminals?

Small businesses face unique challenges that make them particularly vulnerable. They often lack dedicated IT or cybersecurity teams, sophisticated systems, and enterprise-grade protections. Budget constraints mean many cannot afford enterprise-level cybersecurity solutions, creating easily exploitable gaps. Common issues include outdated software, reduced security measures, and unpatched systems, which weaken defenses and provide easy entry points for criminals. A significant vulnerability is the lack of employee cybersecurity awareness. ... Small businesses, just like large organizations, collect and store vast amounts of valuable data. Customer data represents a goldmine for cybercriminals, including first and last names, home and email addresses, phone numbers, financial information, and even medical information. Financial records are equally attractive targets, including business financial information, payment details, and credit/debit card payment data. Intellectual property and trade secrets represent valuable proprietary assets that can be sold to competitors or used for corporate espionage. ... Small businesses are undeniably attractive targets for cybercriminals, not because they are financial giants, but because they are perceived as easier to breach due to resource constraints and common vulnerabilities. Their data, from customer PII to financial records and intellectual property, is highly valuable for resale, fraud, and as gateways to larger targets.

Daily Tech Digest - September 10, 2025


Quote for the day:

"Don't be pushed around by the fears in your mind. Be led by the dreams in your heart." -- Roy T. Bennet



Identify and eliminate the silent killers of developer productivity

Code reviews are a critical part of the development lifecycle, designed to improve code quality, share knowledge, and catch bugs before they get to production. But they are a significant bottleneck when not handled with care. ... This isn’t just a matter of lost time; it’s a killer of flow. Developers are forced into a constant state of context switching, losing their focus and momentum. You need to establish clear expectations and protocols for code reviews. ... Poor documentation forces a constant stream of interruptions and meetings that pull senior developers away from their own work to answer questions. It’s a prime example of a process failure that creates a huge amount of hidden, unproductive work. Make documentation a first-class citizen in your development process. ... Then there’s the peer who, perhaps with good intentions, cuts corners. They deliver a feature that “looks like it works” for a project manager who is hungry for a win. The PM, not seeing the technical debt or the flawed logic, approves it and pushes for immediate deployment. This undermines the entire team, as it normalizes a low-quality standard and signals that bad behavior is rewarded. You must step in and resolve these interpersonal and process conflicts. Use one-on-one meetings to address these issues directly and set clear expectations. It’s your job to ensure that the team’s decisions are respected and that the quality bar is not lowered for the sake of speed.


Industry leaders urge strong strategies for post-quantum readiness

Questions remain about the readiness of cryptographic solutions to withstand future quantum attacks. Sinha addressed these concerns directly: "Post quantum cryptography is here. DigiCert has been working along with other cryptography experts. We've been collaborating with the National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST. Last year...NIST had announced the first three post quantum cryptography algorithms. One for encryption and two for authentication. They are the FIPS 203, 204 and 205 standards." ... Panelists underscored the importance of cryptographic inventory. "Creating the cryptographic inventory is the step zero of beginning any migration. And the complexity of creating...the cryptographic inventory cannot be overstated. It's a...real hard task, but it's really essential. It's the step zero because the inventory gives you the roadmap. How do you begin the journey? How do you start prioritising your systems and your applications?" said Chauhan. Luke Valenta added, "A cryptographic inventory is never going to be complete. So it's all really about the...process, and, and journey of putting that together. At Cloudflare in our migration, we started this inventory and we used that to figure out what are the highest priority systems to transition to post quantum first." Reilly noted, "Just raising the awareness and visibility of all the places where an enterprise uses cryptography - it can be a shock when that depth and breadth of the required transformation becomes apparent..."


Tech Debt: Why Fixing the Foundation Comes Before Building the Castle

Tech debt is about everything that stems from unstable foundations. I had to learn this during our scaling journey. Early on, we made quick decisions to ship features fast. But as we grew, those shortcuts started choking our growth. Companies pay an additional 10 to 20 percent to address tech debt on top of the costs of any project, and we felt every percentage point. The real killer isn't just the extra time – it's the opportunity cost. While your team is fixing yesterday's shortcuts, your competitors are building tomorrow's features. Developers working on the right things can accelerate a company's move into new markets or product areas and help companies differentiate themselves at disproportionate rates. But there's a human cost too. Nobody likes working with a significant handicap and being unproductive day after day. ... Here's where most companies get it wrong. They think innovation means constantly adding new features, launching new products, exploring new markets. But true innovation requires a stable foundation. 30 percent of CIOs surveyed believe that more than 20 percent of their technical budget ostensibly dedicated to new products is diverted to resolving issues related to tech debt. You're essentially pouring money into a bucket with holes in it. I've learned that the most innovative companies aren't necessarily the ones building the flashiest features – they're the ones who've mastered the discipline of maintaining clean, stable systems that can support rapid innovation.


Regulatory bodies close in on AI chatbots as LLMs face greater scrutiny

As regulators roll out online safety laws designed to protect kids from harms associated with porn and social media, a new threat has crept up behind them that could overshadow both. AI chatbots – exemplified by OpenAI’s large language model, ChatGPT – have been around long enough to prove themselves popular, and risky. ... Inman-Grant says schools have “been reporting that 10- and 11-year-old children are spending up to six hours per day on AI companions.” Moreover, it’s not just that they’re befriending LLMs – it’s that they’re often friends with benefits, or “sexualized chatbots.” “We don’t need to see a body count to know that this is the right thing for the companies to do,” says the commissioner. “I don’t want to see Australian lives ruined or lost as a result of the industry’s insatiable need to move fast and break things.” ... Brazilian authorities are pressuring Meta to immediately remove AI chatbots that “simulate child profiles and engage in sexual conversations with users.” According to PPC Land, the bots in question are those created using Meta AI Studio, a tool for developing custom AI chatbots. In mid-August, Brazil’s Attorney General (AGU) issued an “extrajudicial notice” giving Meta 72 hours to remove the erotic kiddie chatbots. It references Article 217-A of Brazil’s Penal Code, which criminalizes sexual acts with minors under 14 years old.The AGU argues that this includes simulated sexual interactions with AI. Under Brazilian law, platforms are liable for harmful content hosted on their services.


The Value-Driven AI Roadmap

The use of value stream management helps organizations map their processes, identifying impediments to delivering software that has value, and using automation to collect metrics that give insights into those processes – and even anticipate where the next hurdles might pop up, Knight said. “I’m going to map the process out, look at where things are and say, hey, I could put an AI agent here, then create a program and a plan to do that in a technology roadmap to line up with it,” he explained. Technology roadmapping involves aligning AI – what the organization is using now and what its needs might be a few years down the road – with business value. Staying on top of technology involves changes being driven by the market, the level of capability maturity within the organization, and finding where the gaps in your technology exist. “Roadmapping is more about helping organizations line up the change of different technologies and how to roll that out,” he said. Finally, Knight pointed out, assessing the skills within your workforce, where training is needed, and how willing the workers are to change, is critical. “It’s about how people in the future, in organizations, will have AI agents that work for them. And you think about it having extra capabilities where I’m going to have this set of skills with these people, but I may have an agent that works for me,” Knight said. “Maybe that agent does paralegal work for me.


The Hidden Cost of Overuse and Misuse of Data Storage

At first glance, storing everything might not seem like a huge problem. But when you factor in rising energy prices and ballooning data volumes, the cracks in that strategy start to show. Over time, outdated storage practices, from legacy systems to underused cloud buckets, can become a surprisingly expensive problem. ... what often gets overlooked are the hidden costs: the backup of low-value data, the power consumption of idle systems, or the surprise charges that come from cloud services which are not being monitored properly. Then there’s the operational cost. Disorganised or poorly labelled data makes access slower and compliance tougher. It also increases security risks, especially if sensitive information is spread across uncontrolled environments. The longer these issues go unchecked, the more danger there is of a snowball effect. ... Cutting storage costs is an obvious benefit but it’s far from the only one. A smarter, edge-driven strategy helps businesses build a more efficient, resilient, and sustainable digital infrastructure ... By processing and filtering data locally, organisations reduce the energy demands of transmitting and storing large volumes centrally, supporting both carbon reduction targets and lower utility costs. As sustainability reporting becomes more critical, this can also help meet Scope 2 emissions goals.


9 cloud strategy questions every IT leader must answer

Cloud platforms are increasingly procured by non-IT teams. Establishing a unified decision framework that brings together expertise from across the enterprise to guide the cloud lifecycle, from selection to sunsetting, is key. Without this, “organizations face fragmented architectures, redundant tools, and compliance gaps,” says CIO Mentor’s Topinka ... Working with multiple cloud partners can offer negotiating leverage and access to best-of-breed services, but it also compounds complexity and requires a range of expertise. ... “The maturity and advancement of cloud solutions depend on the team’s culture and their ability to operate and innovate within the cloud,” Hackett Group’s Nathan adds. ... “Clear visibility into consumption patterns, resource allocation, and usage metrics is essential,” says Nathan, noting that cloud financial management practices help maintain accountability and prevent cost overruns, particularly in multicloud environments. Allocating cloud costs directly to business units or product teams also increases transparency and encourages more efficient use of cloud resources, according to Kocherlakota. ... Cloud adoption without attendant legacy modernization can backfire, S&P Global’s Kocherlakota says. “Simply using the cloud as a data center while maintaining legacy applications can lead to cost creep,” he says. “Investing in transforming legacy systems optimizes infrastructure and boosts efficiency.”


Has Cloud Security Reached Its Breaking Point?

The comfortable assumptions that have guided cloud security for the past decade are crumbling. Supply chain attacks cascade through thousands of projects simultaneously. ... The GitHub Actions compromise (CVE-2025-30066) represents an evolutionary leap in supply chain attacks. What started as a single compromised Personal Access Token cascaded through 23,000+ repositories by exploiting dependency chains. Attackers retroactively modified version tags and implemented memory dumping to extract AWS keys, GitHub tokens and RSA keys from CI/CD logs. ... 89 percent of enterprises run multi-cloud environments, but only 23 percent have full visibility across their infrastructure. This creates a perfect storm where 70 percent of attacks span three or more cloud surfaces simultaneously ... While experts predict quantum computers will break current encryption by 2027 to 2030, the 'harvest now, decrypt later' attacks are already underway. Only 24 percent of organizations have started post-quantum cryptography preparation, leaving millions of encrypted communications vulnerable to future decryption. ... The evidence is clear that incremental improvements cannot address the mathematical realities we face. Security already struggled to scale for cloud workloads without core organizational and process changes; with AI adoption accelerating, it is impossible unless enterprises address foundational gaps.


Probably Secure: A Look at the Security Concerns of Deterministic vs Probabilistic Systems

From a security standpoint, there are places where probability belongs, and places where it absolutely does not. Identity authentication, transaction authorization, cryptographic key validation, and agent permissions must be rooted in deterministic validation, not statistical confidence. Generative AI, while powerful, can easily mislead developers, suggesting insecure code, leaking secrets through logs, or introducing unsafe patterns without clear visibility. Even well-structured retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems have a fundamental limitation: you can’t “tune” them for security beyond scrutinizing all input and output, leaving room for mistakes that attackers can exploit. Your tooling needs to treat probabilistic intelligence as a supplement rather than a trust anchor, reinforcing every critical security decision with deterministic, provable checks. ... Probabilistic tools are powerful for risk detection, prioritization, and context enrichment. Generative AI may accelerate development, but without deterministic guardrails, it can also accelerate risk. Teams need to focus on closing this gap by combining the strengths of AI-driven detection with hardened, verifiable validation for every secret, token, and non-human identity. This layered model ensures that organizations can safely leverage AI-driven insights while preserving a foundation of cryptographic certainty.


What do cybercriminals know about the retail sector that we don’t?

“Stolen customer data is valuable to fraudsters. So, retail is particularly vulnerable because retailers store large quantities of consumer data.” With so much to lose, retailers should be taking more care to protect themselves, but that is no easy feat. The scale of their operations means their businesses have many moving parts. Their supply chains are long and complex, involving an intricate and ever-changing network of suppliers. ... While external cybersecurity advisors are often called in after a breach has occurred, it is also wise to have them on board as a pre-emptive measure, as Kirsten Whitfield, co-head of law firm Fieldfisher’s cyber breach team in London, explains “Get a forensics provider on board to help close down an incident, and engage them in advance, as they could stress test the systems against common attack vectors from their knowledge of hacking groups,” she says. “Even engage a professional ransomware negotiator who can profile attackers.” On the technical front, the biggest challenge is to keep pace with the growth in AI. Hackers are using it, so retailers need to invest in defensive AI to fight fire with fire. “Investing as regulators expect you to will not necessarily mean you are iron clad,” says Whitfield. “Hackers are increasingly sophisticated and use tools like AI, so it is a good idea to invest in it, too, though you don’t want to rush into buying AI that you think will protect you but has not been fully understood.”

Daily Tech Digest - September 07, 2025


Quote for the day:

"The struggle you're in today is developing the strength you need for tomorrow." -- #Soar2Success


The Automation Bottleneck: Why Data Still Holds Back Digital Transformation

Even in firms with well-funded digital agendas, legacy system sprawl is an ongoing headache. Data lives in silos, formats vary between regions and business units, and integration efforts can stall once it becomes clear just how much human intervention is involved in daily operations. Elsewhere, the promise of straight-through processing clashes with manual workarounds, from email approvals and spreadsheet imports to ad hoc scripting. Rather than symptoms of technical debt, these gaps point to automation efforts that are being layered on top of brittle foundations. Until firms confront the architectural and operational barriers that keep data locked in fragmented formats, automation will also remain fragmented. Yes, it will create efficiency in isolated functions, but not across end-to-end workflows. And that’s an unforgiving limitation in capital markets where high trade volumes, vast data flows, and regulatory precision are all critical. ... What does drive progress are purpose-built platforms that understand the shape and structure of industry data from day one, moving, enriching, validating, and reformatting it to support the firm’s logic. Reinventing the wheel for every process isn’t necessary, but firms do need to acknowledge that, in financial services, data transformation isn’t some random back-office task. It’s a precondition for the type of smooth and reliable automation that prepares firms for the stark demands of a digital future.


Switching on resilience in a post-PSTN world

The copper PSTN network, first introduced in the Victorian era, was never built for the realities of today’s digital world. The PSTN was installed in the early 80s, and early broadband was introduced using the same lines in the early 90s. And the truth is, it needs to retire, having operated past its maintainable life span. Modern work depends on real-time connectivity and data-heavy applications, with expectations around speed, scalability, and reliability that outpace the capabilities of legacy infrastructure. ... Whether it’s a GP retrieving patient records or an energy network adjusting supply in real time, their operations depend on uninterrupted, high-integrity access to cloud systems and data center infrastructure. That’s why the PSTN switch-off must be seen not as a Telecoms milestone, but as a strategic resilience imperative. Without universal access upgrades, even the most advanced data centers can’t fulfil their role. The priority now is to build a truly modern digital backbone. One that gives homes, businesses, and CNI facilities alike robust, high-speed connectivity into the cloud. This is about more than retiring copper. It’s about enabling a smarter, safer, more responsive nation. Organizations that move early won’t just minimize risk, they’ll unlock new levels of agility, performance, and digital assurance.


Neither driver, nor passenger — covenantal co-creator

The covenantal model rests on a deeper premise: that intelligence itself emerges not just from processing information, but from the dynamic interaction between different perspectives. Just as human understanding often crystallizes through dialogue with others, AI-human collaboration can generate insights that exceed what either mind achieves in isolation. This isn't romantic speculation. It's observable in practice. When human contextual wisdom meets AI pattern recognition in genuine dialogue, new possibilities emerge. When human ethical intuition encounters AI systematic analysis, both are refined. When human creativity engages with AI synthesis, the result often transcends what either could produce alone. ... Critics will rightfully ask: How do we distinguish genuine partnership from sophisticated manipulation? How do we avoid anthropomorphizing systems that may simulate understanding without truly possessing it? ... The real danger isn't just AI dependency or human obsolescence. It's relational fragmentation — isolated humans and isolated AI systems operating in separate silos, missing the generative potential of genuine collaboration. What we need isn't just better drivers or more conscious passengers. We need covenantal spaces where human and artificial minds can meet as genuine partners in the work of understanding.


Facial recognition moves into vehicle lanes at US borders

According to the PTA, VBCE relies on a vendor capture system embedded in designated lanes at land ports of entry. As vehicles approach the primary inspection lane, high-resolution cameras capture facial images of occupants through windshields and side windows. The images are then sent to the VBCE platform where they are processed by a “vendor payload service” that prepares the files for CBP’s backend systems. Each image is stored temporarily in Amazon Web Services’ S3 cloud storage, accompanied by metadata and quality scores. An image-quality service assesses whether the photo is usable while an “occupant count” algorithm tallies the number of people in the vehicle to measure capture rates. A matching service then calls CBP’s Traveler Verification Service (TVS) – the central biometric database that underpins Simplified Arrival – to retrieve “gallery” images from government holdings such as passports, visas, and other travel documents. The PTA specifies that an “image purge service” will delete U.S. citizen photos once capture and quality metrics are obtained, and that all images will be purged when the evaluation ends. Still, during the test phase, images can be retained for up to six months, a far longer window than the 12-hour retention policy CBP applies in operational use for U.S. citizens.


Quantum Computing Meets Finance

Many financial-asset-pricing problems boil down to solving integral or partial differential equations. Quantum linear algebra can potentially speed that up. But the solution is a quantum state. So, you need to be creative about capturing salient properties of the numerical solution to your asset-pricing model. Additionally, pricing models are subject to ambiguity regarding sources of risk—factors that can adversely affect an asset’s value. Quantum information theory provides tools for embedding notions of ambiguity. ... Recall that some of the pioneering research on quantum algorithms was done in the 1990s by scientists like Deutsch, Shor, and Vazirani, among others. Today it’s still a challenge to implement their ideas with current hardware, and that’s three decades later. But besides hardware, we need progress on algorithms—there’s been a bit of a quantum algorithm winter. ... Optimization tasks across industries, including computational chemistry, materials science, and artificial intelligence, are also applied in the financial sector. These optimization algorithms are making progress. In particular, the ones related to quantum annealing are the most reliable scaled hardware out there. ... The most well-known case is portfolio allocation. You have to translate that into what’s known as quadratic unconstrained binary optimization, which means making compromises to maintain what you can actually compute. 


Beyond IT: How Today’s CIOs Are Shaping Innovation, Strategy and Security

It’s no longer acceptable to measure success by uptime or ticket resolution. Your worth is increasingly measured by your ability to partner with business units, translate their needs into scalable technology solutions and get those solutions to market quickly. That means understanding not just the tech, but the business models, revenue drivers and customer expectations. You don’t need to be an expert in marketing or operations, but you need to know how your decisions in architecture, tooling, and staffing directly impact their outcomes. ... Security and risk management are no longer checkboxes handled by a separate compliance team. They must be embedded into the DNA of your tech strategy. Becky refers to this as “table stakes,” and she’s right. If you’re not building with security from the outset, you’re building on sand. That starts with your provisioning model. We’re in a world where misconfigurations can take down global systems. Automated provisioning, integrated compliance checks and audit-ready architectures are essential. Not optional. ... CIOs need to resist the temptation to chase hype. Your core job is not to implement the latest tools. Your job is to drive business value and reduce complexity so your teams can move fast, and your systems remain stable. The right strategy? Focus on the essentials: Automated provisioning, integrated security and clear cloud cost governance. 


The Difference Between Entrepreneurs Who Survive Crises and Those Who Don't

Among the most underrated strategies for protecting reputation, silence holds a special place. It is not passivity; it's an intentional, active choice. Deciding not to react immediately to a provocation buys time to think, assess and respond surgically. Silence has a precise psychological effect: It frustrates your attacker, often pushing them to overplay their hand and make mistakes. This dynamic is well known in negotiation — those who can tolerate pauses and gaps often control the rhythm and content of the exchange. ... Anticipating negative scenarios is not pessimism — it's preparation. It means knowing ahead of time which actions to avoid and which to take to safeguard credibility. As Eccles, Newquist, and Schatz note in Harvard Business Review, a strong, positive reputation doesn't just attract top talent and foster customer loyalty — it directly drives higher pricing power, market valuation and investor confidence, making it one of the most valuable yet vulnerable assets in a company's portfolio. ... Too much exposure without a solid reputation makes an entrepreneur vulnerable and easily manipulated. Conversely, those with strong credibility maintain control even when media attention fades. In the natural cycle of public careers, popularity always diminishes over time. What remains — and continues to generate opportunities — is reputation. 


Ship Faster With 7 Oddly Specific devops Habits

PowerPoint can lie; your repo can’t. If “it works on my machine” is still a common refrain, we’ve left too much to human memory. We make “done” executable. Concretely, we put a Makefile (or a tiny task runner) in every repo so anyone—developer, SRE, or manager who knows just enough to be dangerous—can run the same steps locally and in CI. The pattern is simple: a single entry point to lint, test, build, and package. That becomes the contract for the pipeline. ... Pipelines shouldn’t feel like bespoke furniture. We keep a single “paved path” workflow that most repos can adopt unchanged. The trick is to keep it boring, fast, and self-explanatory. Boring means a sane default: lint, test, build, and publish on main; test on pull requests; cache aggressively; and fail clearly. Fast means smart caching and parallel jobs. Self-explanatory means the pipeline tells you what to do next, not just that you did it wrong. When a team deviates, they do it consciously and document why. Most of the time, they come back to the path once they see the maintenance cost of custom tweaks. ... A release isn’t done until we can see it breathing. We bake observability in before the first customer ever sees the service. That means three things: usable logs, metrics with labels that match our domain (not just infrastructure), and distributed traces. On top of those, we define one or two Service Level Objectives with clear SLIs—usually success rate and latency. 


Kali Linux vs Parrot OS – Which Penetration Testing Platform is Most Suitable for Cybersecurity Professionals?

Kali Linux ships with over 600 pre-installed penetration testing tools, carefully curated to cover the complete spectrum of security assessment activities. The toolset spans multiple categories, including network scanning, vulnerability analysis, exploitation frameworks, digital forensics, and post-exploitation utilities. Notable tools include the Metasploit Framework for exploitation testing, Burp Suite for web application security assessment, Nmap for network discovery, and Wireshark for protocol analysis. The distribution’s strength lies in its comprehensive coverage of penetration testing methodologies, with tools organized into logical categories that align with industry-standard testing procedures. The inclusion of cutting-edge tools such as Sqlmc for SQL injection testing, Sprayhound for password spraying integrated with Bloodhound, and Obsidian for documentation purposes demonstrates Kali’s commitment to addressing evolving security challenges. ... Parrot OS distinguishes itself through its holistic approach to cybersecurity, offering not only penetration testing tools but also integrated privacy and anonymity features. The distribution includes over 600 tools covering penetration testing, digital forensics, cryptography, and privacy protection. Key privacy tools include Tor Browser, AnonSurf for traffic anonymization, and Zulu Crypt for encryption operations.


How Artificial Intelligence Is Reshaping Cybersecurity Careers

AI-Enhanced SOC Analysts upends traditional security operations, where analysts leverage artificial intelligence to enhance their threat detection and incident response capabilities. These positions work with the existing analyst platforms that are capable of autonomous reasoning that mimics expert analyst workflows, correlating evidence, reconstructing timelines, and prioritizing real threats at a much faster rate. ... AI Risk Analysts and Governance Specialists ensure responsible AI deployment through risk assessments and adherence to compliance frameworks. Professionals in this role may hold a certification like the AIGP. This certification demonstrates that the holder can ensure safety and trust in the development and deployment of ethical AI and ongoing management of AI systems. This role requires foundational knowledge of AI systems and their use cases, the impacts of AI, and comprehension of responsible AI principles. ... AI Forensics Specialists represent an emerging role that combines traditional digital forensics with AI-specific environments and technology. This role is designed to analyze model behavior, trace adversarial attacks, and provide expert testimony in legal proceedings involving AI systems. While classic digital forensics focuses on post-incident investigations, preserving evidence and chain of custody, and reconstructing timelines, AI forensics specialists must additionally possess knowledge of machine learning algorithms and frameworks.

Daily Tech Digest - September 06, 2025


Quote for the day:

"Average leaders raise the bar on themselves; good leaders raise the bar for others; great leaders inspire others to raise their own bar." -- Orrin Woodward


Why Most AI Pilots Never Take Flight

The barrier is not infrastructure, regulation or talent but what the authors call "learning gap." Most enterprise AI systems cannot retain memory, adapt to feedback or integrate into workflows. Tools work in isolation, generating content or analysis in a static way, but fail to evolve alongside the organizations that use them. For executives, the result is a sea of proofs of concept with little business impact. "Chatbots succeed because they're easy to try and flexible, but fail in critical workflows due to lack of memory and customization," the report said. Many pilots never survive this transition, Mina Narayanan, research analyst at the Center for Security and Emerging Technology, told Information Security Media Group. ... The implications of this shadow economy are complex. On one hand, it shows clear employee demand, as workers gravitate toward flexible, responsive and familiar tools. On the other, it exposes enterprises to compliance and security risks. Corporate lawyers and procurement officers interviewed in the report admitted they rely on ChatGPT for drafting or analysis, even when their firms purchased specialized tools costing tens of thousands of dollars. When asked why they preferred consumer tools, their answers were consistent: ChatGPT produced better outputs, was easier to iterate with and required less training. "Our purchased AI tool provided rigid summaries with limited customization options," one attorney told the researchers. 


Breaking into cybersecurity without a technical degree: A practical guide

Think of cybersecurity as a house. While penetration testers and security engineers focus on building stronger locks and alarm systems, GRC professionals ensure the house has strong foundations, insurance policies and meets all building regulations. ... Governance involves creating and maintaining the policies, procedures and frameworks that guide an organisation’s security decisions. Risk management focuses on identifying potential threats, assessing their likelihood and impact, then developing strategies to mitigate or accept those risks. ... Certifications alone will not land you a role. This is not understood by most people wanting to take this path. Understanding key frameworks provides the practical knowledge that makes certifications meaningful. ISO 27001, the international standard for information security management systems, appears in most GRC job descriptions. I spent considerable time learning not only what ISO 27001 requires, but how organizations implement its controls in practice. The NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) deserves equal attention. NIST CSF’s six core functions — govern, identify, protect, detect, respond and recover — provide a logical structure for organising security programs that business stakeholders can understand. Personal networks proved more valuable than any job board or recruitment agency. 


To Survive Server Crashes, IT Needs a 'Black Box'

Security teams utilize Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) systems, and DevOps teams have tracing tools. However, infrastructure teams still lack an equivalent tool: a continuously recorded, objective account of system interdependencies before, during, and after incidents. This is where Application Dependency Mapping (ADM) solutions come into play. ADM continuously maps the relationships between servers, applications, services, and external dependencies. Instead of relying on periodic scans or manual documentation, ADM offers real-time, time-stamped visibility. This allows IT teams to rewind their environment to any specific point in time, clearly identifying the connections that existed, which systems interacted, and how traffic flowed during an incident. ... Retrospective visibility is emerging as a key focus in IT infrastructure management. As hybrid and multi-cloud environments become increasingly complex, accurately diagnosing failures after they occur is essential for maintaining uptime, security, and business continuity. IT professionals must monitor systems in real time and learn how to reconstruct the complete story when failures happen. Similar to the aviation industry, which acknowledges that failures can occur and prepares accordingly, the IT sector must shift from reactive troubleshooting to a forensic-level approach to visibility.


Vibe coding with GitHub Spark

The GitHub Spark development space is a web application with three panes. The middle one is for code, the right one shows the running app (and animations as code is being generated), and the left one contains a set of tools. These tools offer a range of functions, first letting you see your prompts and skip back to older ones if you don’t like the current iteration of your application. An input box allows you to add new prompts that iterate on your current generated code, with the ability to choose a screenshot or change the current large language model (LLM) being used by the underlying GitHub Copilot service. I used the default choice, Anthropic’s Claude Sonnet 3.5. As part of this feature, GitHub Spark displays a small selection of possible refinements that take concepts related to your prompts and suggest enhancements to your code. Other controls provide ways to change low-level application design options, including the current theme, font, or the style used for application icons. Other design tools allow you to tweak the borders of graphical elements, the scaling factors used, and to pick an application icon for an install of your code based on Progressive Web Apps (PWAs). GitHub Spark has a built-in key/value store for application data that persists between builds and sessions. The toolbar provides a list of the current key and the data structure used for the value store. 


Legacy IT Infrastructure: Not the Villain We Make It Out to Be

In the realm of IT infrastructure, legacy can often feel like a bad word. No one wants to be told their organization is stuck with legacy IT infrastructure because it implies that it's old or outdated. Yet, when you actually delve into the details of what legacy means in the context of servers, networking, and other infrastructure, a more complex picture emerges. Legacy isn't always bad. ... it's not necessarily the case that a system is bad, or in dire need of replacement, just because it fits the classic definition of legacy IT. There's an argument to be made that, in many cases, legacy systems are worth keeping around. For starters, most legacy infrastructure consists of tried-and-true solutions. If a business has been using a legacy system for years, it's a reliable investment. It may not be as optimal from a cost, scalability, or security perspective as a more modern alternative. But in some cases, this drawback is outweighed by the fact that — unlike a new, as-yet-unproven solution — legacy systems can be trusted to do what they claim to do because they've already been doing it for years. The fact that legacy systems have been around for a while also means that it's often easy to find engineers who know how to work with them. Hiring experts in the latest, greatest technology can be challenging, especially given the widespread IT talent shortage. 



How to Close the AI Governance Gap in Software Development

Despite the advantages, only 42 percent of developers trust the accuracy of AI output in their workflows. In our observations, this should not come as a surprise – we’ve seen even the most proficient developers copying and pasting insecure code from large language models (LLMs) directly into production environments. These teams are under immense pressure to produce more lines of code faster than ever. Because security teams are also overworked, they aren’t able to provide the same level of scrutiny as before, causing overlooked and possibly harmful flaws to proliferate. The situation brings the potential for widespread disruption: BaxBench oversees a coding benchmark to evaluate LLMs for accuracy and security, and has reported that LLMs are not yet capable of generating deployment-ready code. ... What’s more, they often lack the expertise – or don’t even know where to begin – to review and validate AI-enabled code. This disconnect only further elevates their organization’s risk profile, exposing governance gaps. To keep everything from spinning out of control, chief information security officers (CISOs) must work with other organizational leaders to implement a comprehensive and automated governance plan that enforces policies and guardrails, especially within the repository workflow.


The Complexity Crisis: Why Observability Is the Foundation of Digital Resilience

End-to-end observability is evolving beyond its current role in IT and DevOps to become a foundational element of modern business strategy. In doing so, observability plays a critical role in managing risk, maintaining uptime, and safeguarding digital trust. Observability also enables organizations to proactively detect anomalies before they escalate into outages, quickly pinpoint root causes across complex, distributed systems, and automate response actions to reduce mean time to resolution (MTTR). The result is faster, smarter and more resilient operations, giving teams the confidence to innovate without compromising system stability, a critical advantage in a world where digital resilience and speed must go hand in hand. ... As organizations increasingly adopt generative and agentic AI to accelerate innovation, they also expose themselves to new kinds of risks. Agentic AI can be configured to act independently, making changes, triggering workflows, or even deploying code without direct human involvement. This level of autonomy can boost productivity, but it also introduces serious challenges. ... Tomorrow’s industry leaders will be distinguished by their ability to adopt and adapt to new technologies, embracing agentic AI but recognizing the heightened risk exposure and compliance burdens. Leaders will need to shift from reactive operations to proactive and preventative operations.


AI and the end of proof

Fake AI images can lie. But people lie, too, saying real images are fake. Call it the ‘liar’s dividend.’ Call it a crisis of confidence. ... In 2019, when deepfake audio and video became a serious problem, legal experts Bobby Chesney and Danielle Citron came up with the term “liar’s dividend” to describe the advantage a dishonest public figure gets by calling real evidence “fake” in a time when AI-generated content makes people question what they see and hear. False claims of deepfakes can be just as harmful as real deepfakes during elections. ... The ability to make fakes will be everywhere, along with the growing awareness that visual information can be easily and convincingly faked. That awareness makes false claims that something is AI-made more believable. The good news is that Gemini 2.5 Flash Image stamps every image it makes or edits with a hidden SynthID watermark for AI identification after common changes like resizing, rotation, compression, or screenshot copies. Google says this ID system covers all outputs and ships with the new model across the Gemini API, Google AI Studio, and Vertex AI. SynthID for images changes pixels without being seen, but a paired detector can recognize it later, using one neural network to embed the pattern and another to spot it. The detector reports levels like “present,” “suspected,” or “not detected,” which is more helpful than a fragile yes/no that fails after small changes.


Beyond the benchmarks: Understanding the coding personalities of different LLMs

Though the models did have these distinct personalities, they also shared similar strengths and weaknesses. The common strengths were that they quickly produced syntactically correct code, had solid algorithmic and data structure fundamentals, and efficiently translated code to different languages. The common weaknesses were that they all produced a high percentage of high-severity vulnerabilities, introduced severe bugs like resource leaks or API contract violations, and had an inherent bias towards messy code. “Like humans, they become susceptible to subtle issues in the code they generate, and so there’s this correlation between capability and risk introduction, which I think is amazingly human,” said Fischer. Another interesting finding of the report is that newer models may be more technically capable, but are also more likely to generate risky code. ... In terms of security, high and low reasoning modes eliminate common attacks like path-traversal and injection, but replace them with harder-to-detect flaws, like inadequate I/O error-handling. ... “We have seen the path-traversal and injection become zero percent,” said Sarkar. “We can see that they are trying to solve one sector, and what is happening is that while they are trying to solve code quality, they are somewhere doing this trade-off. Inadequate I/O error-handling is another problem that has skyrocketed. ...”


Agentic AI Isn’t a Product – It’s an Integrated Business Strategy

Any leader considering agentic AI should have a clear understanding of what it is (and what it’s not!), which can be difficult considering many organizations are using the term in different ways. To understand what makes the technology so transformative, I think it’s helpful to contract it with the tools many manufacturers are already familiar with. ... Agentic AI doesn’t just help someone do a task. It owns that task, end-to-end, like a trusted digital teammate. If a traditional AI solution is like a dashboard, agentic AI is more like a co-worker who has deep operational knowledge, learns fast, doesn’t need a break and knows exactly when to ask for help. This is also where misconceptions tend to creep in. Agentic AI isn’t a chatbot with a nicer interface that happens to use large language models, nor is it a one-size-fits-all product that slots in after implementation. It’s a purpose-built, action-oriented intelligence that lives inside your operations and evolves with them. ... Agentic AI isn’t a futuristic technology, either. It’s here and gaining momentum fast. According to Capgemini, the number of organizations using AI agents has doubled in the past year, with production-scale deployments expected to reach 48% by 2025. The technology’s adoption trajectory is a sharp departure from traditional AI technologies.