What Do Authentication & Authorization Mean In Zero Trust?
Authorization depends on authentication. It makes no sense to authorize a user
if you do not have any mechanism in place to make sure the person or service is
exactly what, or who, they say they are. Most organizations have some mechanism
in place to handle authentication, and many have role-based access controls
(RBAC) that group users by role, and grant or deny access based on those roles.
In a zero trust system, however, both authentication and authorization are much
more granular. To return to the castle analogy we explored previously, before
zero trust the network would be considered a castle, and inside the castle there
would be many different types of assets. In most organizations, human users
would be authenticated individually — have to prove not only that they belong to
a particular role, but that they are exactly the person they say they are.
Service users can often also be granularly authenticated. In a RBAC system,
however, each user is granted or denied access on a group basis — all the human
users in the “admin” category would get blanket access, for example.
As hiring freezes and layoffs hit, is the bubble about to burst for tech workers?
Until now, the tech industry has largely sailed through the economic turbulence
that has impacted other industries. Remote working and an urgency to put
everything on the cloud or in an app – significantly accelerated by the pandemic
– has created fierce demand for those who can create, migrate, and secure
software. However, tech leaders are bracing for tough times ahead. According to
recent data by CW Jobs, 85% of IT decision makers expect their organization to
be impacted by the cost of doing business – including hiring freezes (21%) and
pay freezes (20%). We're already seeing this play out, with Tesla, Uber and
Netflix amongst the big names to have announced hiring freezes or layoffs in
recent weeks. Meanwhile, Microsoft, Coinbase and Meta have all put dampeners on
recruiting. If tech workers are concerned about this ongoing tightening of
belts, they aren't showing it: the same CW Jobs report found that tech
professionals remain confident enough in the industry that 57% expect a pay rise
in the next year. Hiring freezes and layoffs don't seem to have had much impact
on worker mobility, either: just 24% of professionals surveyed by CW Jobs say
they plan to stay in their current role for the next 12 months.
ERP Modernization: How Devs Can Help Companies Innovate
Many of these ERP-based companies are facing pressure to update to more modern,
cloud-based versions of their ERP platforms. But they must run a gauntlet to
modernize their legacy applications. In a sense, companies that maintain these
complex ERP-based systems find the environments are like “golden handcuffs.”
They have become so complicated over time that they restrain IT departments’
innovation efforts, hindering their ability to create supply chain resiliency
when it is most needed. To make matters more difficult, the current market is
facing a global shortage of human resources required to get the job of digital
transformation and application modernization done, including skilled ERP
developers—especially those skilled in more antiquated languages like ABAP.
Incoming developer talent is often trained in more contemporary languages like
Java, Steampunk and Python. These graduates have their pick of opportunities and
gravitate to companies that already work in these newer programming
environments. ERP migrations can be hampered by complex, customized systems
developed by high-priced, silo-skilled programmers.
Believe it or not, metaverse land can be scarce after all
As we see, technological constraints and business logic dictate the fundamentals
of digital realms and the activities these realms can host. The digital world
may be endless, but the processing capabilities and memory on its backend
servers are not. There is only so much digital space you can host and process
without your server stack catching fire, and there is only so much creative
leeway you can have within these ramifications while still keeping the business
afloat. These frameworks create a system of coordinates informing the way its
users and investors interpret value — and in the process, they create scarcity,
too. While a lot of the valuation and scarcity mechanisms come from the
intrinsic features of a specific metaverse as defined by its code, the
real-world considerations have just as much, if not more, weight in that. And
the metaverse proliferation will hardly change them or water the scarcity down.
... So, even if they are not too impressive, they will likely be hard to beat
for most newer metaverse projects, which, again, takes a toll on the value of
their land. By the same account, if you have one AAA metaverse and 10 projects
with zero users, investors would go for the AAA one and its lands, as scarce as
they may be.
Building Neural Networks With TensorFlow.NET
TensorFlow.NET is a library that provides a .NET Standard binding for
TensorFlow. It allows .NET developers to design, train and implement machine
learning algorithms, including neural networks. Tensorflow.NET also allows us to
leverage various machine learning models and access the programming resources
offered by TensorFlow. TensorFlow is an open-source framework developed by
Google scientists and engineers for numerical computing. It is composed by a set
of tools for designing, training and fine-tuning neural networks.TensorFlow's
flexible architecture makes it possible to deploy calculations on one or more
processors (CPUs) or graphics cards (GPUs) on a personal computer, server,
without re-writing code. Keras is another open-source library for creating
neural networks. It uses TensorFlow or Theano as a backend where operations are
performed. Keras aims to simplify the use of these two frameworks, where
algorithms are executed and results are returned to us. We will also use Keras
in our example below.
4 examples of successful IT leadership
IT leaders are responsible for implementing technology and data infrastructure
across an organization. This can include CIOs, CTOs, and increasingly, CDOs
(Chief Data Officers). To do this effectively, IT teams need employee buy-in,
illustrating clearly how new technology tools and project management can benefit
the company’s mission and goals. To achieve the full support of the employee
base, IT teams must explain the implementation process and expected timeline.
While data platforms and cloud infrastructure are important, the table stakes
are tools that allow for internal communication and collaboration. Many IT teams
are leveraging business process management platforms (BPMs), which help enable
better collaboration between remote and in-office teams, offering a shared view
of projects. These platforms allow for greater visibility and communication
across organizations while reducing meeting time and improving workflow
efficiencies. Technology has the potential to increase productivity, provide
greater visibility of projects for employees and managers, and automate tasks
that are repetitive and time-consuming.
Why 5G is the heart of Industry 4.0
The Internet of Things (IoT) is an integral part of the connected economy. Many
manufacturers are already using IoT solutions to track assets in their
factories, consolidating their control rooms and increasing their analytics
functionality through the installation of predictive maintenance systems. Of
course, without the ability to connect these devices, Industry 4.0 will,
naturally, languish. While low power wide area networks (LPWAN) are sufficient
for some connected devices such as smart meters that only transmit very small
quantities of data, in manufacturing the opposite is true of IoT deployment,
where numerous data-intensive machines are often used within close proximity.
This is why 5G connectivity is key to Industry 4.0. In a market reliant on
data-intensive machine applications, such as manufacturing, the higher speeds
and low latency of 5G is required for effective use of automatic robots,
wearables and VR headsets, shaping the future of smart factories. And while some
connected devices utilised 4G networks using unlicensed spectrum, 5G allow this
to take place on an unprecedented scale.
How to Handle Authorization in a Service Mesh
A service mesh addresses the challenges of service communication in a
large-scale application. It adds an infrastructure layer that handles service
discovery, load balancing and secure communication for the microservices.
Commonly, a service mesh complements each microservice with an extra component —
a proxy often referred to as a sidecar or data plane. The proxy intercepts all
traffic from and to its accompanied service. It typically uses MutualTLS, an
encrypted connection with client authentication, to communicate with other
proxies in the service mesh. This way, all traffic between the services is
encrypted and authenticated without updating the application. Only services that
are part of the service mesh can participate in the communication, which is a
security improvement. In addition, the service mesh management features allow
you to configure the proxy and enforce policies such as allowing or denying
particular connections, further improving security. To implement a Zero Trust
architecture, you must consider several layers of security. The application
should not blindly trust a request even when receiving it over the encrypted
wire.
DevOps nirvana is still a distant goal for many, survey suggests
"Development teams, in general, have hardly any insight into how customers
benefit from their work, and few are able to discuss these benefits with the
business," the authors report. "Having such insights ready at hand would improve
collaboration between IT and the business. The more customer value metrics a
development team tracks, the more positive that team views their working
relationship with the business. Without knowing whether the intended value for
the customer is being achieved or not, development teams are effectively flying
blind." The LeanIX authors calculate that 53% work on a team with a 'low level'
of DevOps based on maturity factors. Still, nearly 60% said that they are
flexible in adapting to changing customer needs and have CI/CD pipelines set up.
At the same time, less than half of engineers build, ship, or own their code or
work on teams based on team topologies, indicating a lack of DevOps maturity.
Fewer than 20% of respondents said that their development team was able to
choose its own tech stack; 44% said they are partly able to, and 38% they are
not able to at all.
Survey Shows Increased Reliance on DORA Metrics
Overall, the survey revealed just under half of the respondents (47%) said their
organization had a high level of DevOps maturity, defined as having adopted
three or more DevOps working methods. Those working methods are: Being flexible
to changes in customer needs; having implemented a CI/CD platform; all engineers
build, ship and own their own code; teams are organized around topologies and
each team is free to choose its own technology stack. Of course, each individual
organization will determine for itself what level of DevOps depth is required.
For example, not every organization would see the need for teams to be organized
around topologies or be free to choose its own technology stack. In fact, Rose
said the survey made it clear that larger enterprise IT organizations tended to
have a lower overall level of DevOps maturity. One reason for that is many
larger organizations are still employing legacy processes to build and deploy
software, noted Rose. Most developers are also further along in terms of
embracing continuous integration (CI) than IT operations teams are in adopting
continuous delivery (CD), added Rose.
Quote for the day:
"It is not joy that makes us grateful.
It is gratitude that makes us joyful." -- David Rast
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