Quote for the day:
"Success does not consist in never making mistakes but in never making the same one a second time." -- George Bernard Shaw
Expectations from AI ramp up as investors eye returns in 2026
Billions in investments and a concerted focus on the tech over the past few
years has led to artificial intelligence (AI) completely transforming how major
global industries work. Now, investors are finally expecting to see some
returns. ... Investors will no longer be satisfied with AI’s potential future
capabilities – they want measurable returns on investment (ROI), says Jiahao
Sun, the CEO of Flock.ie, a platform that allows users to build, train and
deploy AI models in a decentralised manner. AI investment is entering its “show
me the money era”, he says. This isn’t to say that investments into AI will
pause, but that investors will begin prioritising critical areas that give
guaranteed returns. These could include agentic AI platforms that enable
multi-agent orchestration; AI-native infrastructures built for scale, security
and interoperability; data modernisation tools that unlock the full potential of
unstructured data; and AI observability and safety tools that monitor, govern
and refine agent behaviour in real time, explains Neeraj Abhyankar, the VP of
Data and AI at R Systems. ... “Single-purpose tools will be absorbed into
unified AI platforms. The era of juggling 10 different AI products is ending and
the race to offer a complete, integrated experience will intensify,” he adds.
Meanwhile, some experts say that the EU’s AI Act will – for better or for worse
– prohibit European firms from experimenting with high-risk use cases for AI.The Next S-Curve of Cybersecurity: Governing Trust in a New Converging Intelligence Economy
Cybersecurity has crossed a threshold where it no longer merely protects
technology ~ it governs trust itself. In an era defined by AI-driven
decision-making, decentralized financial systems, cloud-to-edge computing, and
the approaching reality of quantum disruption, cyber risk is no longer episodic
or containable. It is continuous, compounding, and enterprise-defining. What
changed in 2025 wasn’t just the threat landscape. It was the architecture of
risk. Identity replaced networks as the dominant attack surface. Software supply
chains emerged as systemic liabilities. Machine intelligence ~ on both sides of
the attack began evolving faster than the controls designed to govern it. For
boards, investors, and executives, this marked the end of cybersecurity as a
control function and the beginning of cybersecurity as a strategic mandate. ...
The next S-curve of cybersecurity is not driven by better tooling. It is driven
by a shift in how trust is architected and governed across a converging
ecosystem. This new curve is defined by: Identity-centric security rather than
network-centric defense; Data-aware protection instead of application-bound
controls; Continuous assurance rather than point-in-time audits; and
Integration with enterprise risk, governance, and capital strategy Cybersecurity
evolves from a defensive posture into a trust architecture discipline ~ one that
governs how intelligence, identity, data, and decisions interact at scale.Why Mental Fitness Is Leadership's Next Frontier
The distinction Craze draws between mental health and mental fitness is crucial.
Mental health, he explains, is ultimately about functioning—being sufficiently
free from psychological injury or mental illness to show up and perform one's
job. "Your mental health or illness is a private matter between yourself, and
perhaps your family or physician, and is a matter of respecting your individual
rights," he says. Mental fitness, by contrast, is about capacity. "Assuming you
are mentally healthy enough to show up and perform your job, then mental fitness
is all about how well your mind performs under load, over time, and in
conditions of uncertainty," Craze explains. "Being mentally healthy is a
baseline. Being mentally fit is what allows leaders to think clearly at hour
ten, stay composed in conflict, and recover quickly after setbacks rather than
slowly eroding away," he says. Here, the comparison to elite athletics is
instructive. In professional sports, no one confuses being injury-free with
being competition-ready. Leadership has been slower to make that distinction,
even as today’s executives face sustained cognitive and emotional demands that
would have been unthinkable a generation ago. ... One of the most persistent
myths in leadership development, according to Craze, is the idea that thinking
happens in some abstract cognitive space, detached from the body. "In reality,
every act of judgment, attention and self-control has an underlying
physiological component and cost," he says. Taking the Technical Leadership Path
Without technical alignment, individuals constantly touch the same codebase,
adding their feature in the simplest way (for them) but often they do this
without ensuring the codebase is kept consistent. Over time accidental
complexity grows such as having five different libraries that do the same job,
or seven different implementations of how an email or push notification is
sent and when someone wants to make a future change to that area, their work
is now much harder. ... There are plenty of resources available to develop
leadership skills. Kua advised to break broader leadership skills into
specific ones, such as coaching, mentoring, communicating, mediating,
influencing, etc. Even when someone is not a formal leader, there are daily
opportunities to practice these skills in the workplace, he said. ... Formal
technical leaders are accountable for ensuring teams have enough technical
leadership. One way of doing this is to cultivate an environment where
everyone is comfortable stepping up and demonstrating technical leadership.
When you do this well, this means everyone can demonstrate informal technical
leadership. Formal leaders exist because not all teams are automatically
healthy or high-performing. I’m sure every technical person can remember a
team they’ve been on with two engineers constantly debating about which
approach to take, and wish someone had stepped in to help the team reach a
decision. In an ideal world, a formal leader wouldn’t be necessary, but it’s
rare that teams live in the perfect world.
From model collapse to citation collapse: risks of over-reliance on AI in the academy
Model collapse is the slow erosion of a generative AI system grounded in reality
as it learns more and more from machine-generated data rather than from
human-generated content. As a result of model collapse, the AI model loses
diversity in its outputs, reinforces its misconceptions, increases its
confidence in its hallucinations and amplifies its biases. ... Among all the
writing tasks involved in research, GenAI appears to be disproportionately good
at writing literature reviews. ChatGPT and Google Gemini both have deep research
features that try to take a deep dive into the literature on a topic, returning
heavily sourced and relatively accurate syntheses of the related research, while
typically avoiding the well-documented tendency to hallucinate sources
altogether. In some ways, it should not be too surprising that these
technologies thrive in this area because literature reviews are exactly the sort
of thing GenAI should be good at: textual summaries that stay pretty close to
the source material. But here is my major concern: while nothing is
fundamentally wrong with the way GenAI surfaces sources for literature reviews,
it risks exacerbating the citation Matthew effect that tools like Google Scholar
have caused. Modern AI models largely thrive on a snapshot of the internet circa
2022. In fact, I suspect that verifiably pre-2022 datasets will become prized
sources for future models, largely untainted by AI-generated content, in much
the same way that pre-World War II steel is prized for its lack of radioactive
contamination from nuclear testing.
Why is Debugging Hard? How to Develop an Effective Debugging Mindset
Here’s how most developers debug code: Something is broken; Let me change the line; Let’s refresh (wishing the error would go away); Hmm… still broken!; Now, let me add a console.log(); Let me refresh again (Ah, this time it may…); Ok, looks like this time it worked! This is reaction-based debugging. It’s like throwing a stone in the dark or finding a needle in a haystack. It feels busy, it sounds productive, but it’s mostly guessing. And guessing doesn’t scale in programming. This approach and the guessing mindset make debugging hard for developers. The lack of a methodology and solid approach makes many devs feel helpless and frustrated, which makes the process feel much more difficult than coding. This is why we need a different mental model, a defined skillset to master the art of debugging. ... Good debuggers don’t fight bugs. They investigate them. They don’t start with the mindset of “How do I fix this?”. They start with, “Why must this bug exist?” This one question changes everything. When you ask about the existence of a bug, you go back to the history to collect information about the code, its changes, and its flow. Then, you feed this information through a “mental model” to make decisions that lead you to the fix. ... Once the facts are clear and assumptions are visible, the debugging makes its way forward. Now you’ll need to form a hypothesis. A hypothesis is a simple cause-and-effect statement: If this assumption is wrong, then the behaviour makes sense. If not, provide a fix.Promptware Kill Chain – Five-Step Kill Chain Model for Analyzing Cyberthreats
While the security industry has focused narrowly on prompt injection as a
catch-all term, the reality is far more complex. Attacks now follow systematic,
sequential patterns: initial access through malicious prompts, privilege
escalation by bypassing safety constraints, establishing persistence in system
memory, moving laterally across connected services, and finally executing their
objectives. This mirrors how traditional malware campaigns unfold, suggesting
that conventional cybersecurity knowledge can inform AI security strategies. ...
The promptware kill chain begins with Initial Access, where attackers insert
malicious instructions through prompt injection—either directly from users or
indirectly through poisoned documents retrieved by the system. The second phase,
Privilege Escalation, involves jailbreaking techniques that bypass safety
training designed to refuse harmful requests. ... Traditional malware achieves
persistence through registry modifications or scheduled tasks. Promptware
exploits the data stores that LLM applications depend on. Retrieval-dependent
persistence embeds payloads in data repositories like email systems or knowledge
bases, reactivating when the system retrieves similar content. Even more potent
is retrieval-independent persistence, which targets the agent’s memory directly,
ensuring the malicious instructions execute on every interaction regardless of
user input.AI SOC Agents Are Only as Good as the Data They Are Fed
If your telemetry is fragmented, your schemas are inconsistent, or your context
is missing, you won’t get faster responses from AI SOC agents. You’ll just get
faster mistakes. These agents are being built to excel at cybersecurity analysis
and decision support. They are not constructed to wrangle data collection,
cleansing, normalization, and governance across dozens of sources. ... Modern
SOCs integrate telemetry from EDRs, cloud providers, identity, networks, SaaS
apps, data lakes, and more. Normalizing all that into a common schema eliminates
the constant “translation tax.” An agent that can analyze standardized fields
once, and doesn’t have to re-learn CrowdStrike vs. Splunk Search Processing
Language vs. vendor-specific JavaScript Object Notation, will make faster, more
reliable decisions. ... If the agent must “crawl back” into five source systems
to enrich an alert on its own, latency spikes and success rates drop. The right
move is to centralize, normalize, and clean security data into an accessible
store, like a data lake, for your AI SOC agents and continue streaming a
distilled, security-relevant subset to the Security Information and Event
Management (SIEM) platform for detections and cybersecurity analysts. Let the
SIEM be the place where detections originate; let the lake be the place your
agents do their deep thinking. The problem is that the industry’s largest SIEM,
Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR), and Security Orchestration, Automation,
and Response (SOAR) platforms are consolidating into vertically integrated
ecosystems. ...”
IT portfolio management: Optimizing IT assets for business value
The enterprise’s most critical systems for conducting day-to-day business are a
category unto themselves. These systems may be readily apparent, or hidden deep
in a technical stack. So all assets should be evaluated as to how
mission-critical they are. ... The goal of an IT portfolio is to contain assets
that are presently relevant and will continue to be relevant well into the
future. Consequently, asset risk should be evaluated for each IT resource. Is
the resource at risk for vendor sunsetting or obsolescence? Is the vendor itself
unstable? Does IT have the on-staff resources to continue running a given
system, no matter how good it is (a custom legacy system written in COBOL and
Assembler, for example)? Is a particular system or piece of hardware becoming
too expense to run? Do existing IT resources have a clear path to integration
with the new technologies that will populate IT in the future? ... Is every IT
asset pulling its weight? Like monetary and stock investments, technologies
under management must show they are continuing to produce measurable and
sustainable value. The primary indicators of asset value that IT uses are total
cost of ownership (TCO) and return on investment (ROI). TCO is what gauges the
value of an asset over time. For instance, investments in new servers for the
data center might have paid off four years ago, but now the data center has an
aging bay of servers with obsolete technology and it is cheaper to relocate
compute to the cloud.
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